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Siddhanta Gnana Ratnavali - ON TATVAS

CHAPTER II - ON TATVAS



40. Question : What is Tatvam? 

Answer : Real objects or an ever-existent entity.

41. Question : How many kinds are there? 

Answer : Atmatatvam, Vidyatatvam, Sivatatvam.

42. Question : How many kinds of Atmatatvam are there? 

Answer : Twenty four, they are:-

 

1. Prithuvi (Earth) 

2. Appu (Air) 

3. Theyu (Fire) 

4. Vayu (Air) 

5. Akas (Ether)

Nos. 1-5 are five bhootas or elements.

 

6. Srottiram (Ear) 

7. Tuvakku (Skin) 

8. Satchu (Eyes) 

9. Singuvai (Mouth) 

10. Aakiranam (Nose)

Nos. 6-10 are five organs of Sense.

 

11. Sabdam (Sound) 

12. Sparisam (Touch) 

13. Rupa (Sight) 

14. Rasa (Taste) 

15. Gandam (Smell)

Nos. 11-15 are five senses or tanmatras.

 

16. Vakku (Mouth) 

17. Padam (Foot) 

18. Pani (Hand) 

19. Payuru (Anus) 

20. Upaththam (Genitals)

Nos. 16-20 are four Andakaarnas or internal senses.

 

21. Manas (Mind) 

22. Buddhi (Reason) 

23. Ahankaram (Self-assertion) 

24. Chittam (Thinking faculty)

Nos. 21-24 are four Andakaranas or internal senses.

43. Question : How many are Vidyatatvam? 

Answer : They are seven in number, viz.

 

1. Kalam (Time) 

2. Niyati (Destiny-Law of Karma) 

3. Kalai (Learning) 

4. Viddhai (Knowledge) 

5. Aragam (Desire) 

6. Purudan (Egoism) 

7. Maya (Non-ego, cosmic matter)

44. Question : How many are Sivatatva? 

Answer : Five, viz.

 

1. Suddha Viddhai (Pure knowledge-Ninmalagana) 

2. Eswaram (Pure action) 

3. Sadakkiam (Eternal light and bliss) 

4. Sakti (Divine Power) 

5. Sivam (Love)

45. Question : How many internal organs are there? 

Answer : The above said thirty-six.

46. Question : How many are the external organs? 

Answer : Sixty, They are:-

 

1. Hair 

2. Bones 

3. External skin 

4. Blood vessels 

5. Flesh

Nos. 1-5 are produced from Prithvi (Earth).

 

6. Fluid water 

7. Blood 

8. Semen 

9. Marrow 

10. Fat

Nos. 6-10 are produced from Appu (Water)

 

11. Hunger 

12. Sleep 

13. Fear 

14. Cohabitation 

15. Laziness

Nos. 11-15 are produced from Theyu (Fire)

 

16. Running 

17. Walking 

18. Standing 

19. Staying 

20. Lying

Nos. 16-20 are produced from Vayu (Air)

 

21. Kama or Sexual love 

22. Krodha or anger 

23. Lopa or avarice 

24. Matha or pride 

25. Macharya or envy

Nos. 21-25 are produced from Akas (ether)

 

26. Prana-inhaled and exhaled air 

27. Apana-downward air or flatus 

28. Udana-air going upwards from the foot to the head 

29. Vyana-regulating air that circulates 

30. Samana-gastric juice 

31. Naga-causing coughing, sneezing &c. 

32. Koorma-giving vitality to the eye 

33. Krihara-causing laziness and yawnings 

34. Devadatta-cause of twinkling and laughing 

35. Dhananjaya, vital air that fattens.

Nos. 26-35 are ten vital airs.

 

36. Idaikala, the canal which passes from the end of the spinal column to the head through the left nostril. 

37. Pingala, ditto through the right nostril. 

38. Sushumna, the canal which passes straight through the six centres, anus, private part, navel, heart, uvula and forehead. 

39. Kandhari, the canal dividing itself into 7 passages for 7 kinds of natham or sound being produced and located in the neck. 

40. Atti, Optic nerves. 

41. Sikuvai 

42. Alampudai, Occupy the ears 

43. Purusha 

44. Kuku which connects the navel and the generic organ. 

45. Sankini, which occupy the organs of generation.

Nos. 36-45 are dasa nadis or blood-vessels.

 

46. Vachana, speech 

47. Gamana, going 

48. Dhana, giving 

49. Visarga, discharge 

50. Ananda, carnal pleasure.

Nos. 46-50 are five actions of Karmendriyas, or the organs of action.

 

51. Sookumai, sound in the navel 

52. Pisanti, sound produced in the throat 

53. Madyama, sound formed within the throat 

54. Vikari, articulate sound from the tongue or mouth.

Nos. 51-54 are four articulate sounds.

 

55. Satva (goodness) 

56. Rajas (wickedness) 

57. Thamas (ignorance)

Nos. 55-57 are three gunas or qualities.

 

58. Putra-vedanai 

59. Ulaga-vedanai 

60. Artha-vedanai

Nos. 58-60 these three are Ishanatirayam.

47. Question : What is the total number of internal and external organs? 

Answer : Ninety-six as above pointed out.

48. Question : What is meant by 'adhwa'? 

Answer : Marga or path. They are of 6 kinds, viz.

 

1. Mantram 

2. Padham 

3. Varnam 

4. Phuvanam 

5. Tatvam 

6. Kalai

49. Question : What are the five-fold functions of God? 

Answer : 

1. Srishti (creation) 

2. Sthithi (preservation) 

3. Samhara (resolution) 

4. Troubhava (obscuration) 

5. Anugraha (blessing with Parasivagnana)

50. Question : What are the three tenses? 

Answer : Past, present and future.

51. Question : What are the three regions? 

Answer : 

Lunar region (Chandramandalam) 

Solar region (Suryamandalam) 

Fire region (Agnimandalam)

52. Question : What are the three avastas or States of a Soul's existence? 

Answer : 

1. Kevala avasta (the State of the Soul in its original, unevolved and undeveloped state i.e., thuriyathitha avasta). 

2. Sakala avasta comprising Jagra avasta-waking state, Swapnaavasta-dreaming state, sushupti avasta-state of dead sleep, thuriyavasta state of the soul brething in bodies in which consciousness ins not yet developed. 

3. Sutta avasta (the state of the Jivanmukta).

53. Question : What are the five kalais? 

Answer : 

1. Nivirti kalai 

2. Pratishta kalai 

3. Vidya kalai 

4. Santhi kalai 

5. Santiatita kalai

54. Question : What are the five kosams? 

Answer : 

1. Annamayakosam 

2. Pranamayakosam 

3. Manomayakosam 

4. Gnanamayakosam 

5. Anandamayakosam

55. Question : What are the four kinds of births? 

Answer : 

1. Andasam-(born of eggs) 

2. Swedasam-(born of perspiration) 

3. Uppisam-(born of earth) 

4. Sarayusam-(born of womb)

56. Question : What are the 7 kinds of beings? 

Answer : 

1. Angels 

2. Men 

3. Beasts 

4. Birds 

5. Fish living in water 

6. Reptiles crawling in Earth 

7. Immovables.

57. Question : Name the 3 persons 

Answer : 

1. First person, as I, We, 

2. Second person, as you 

3. Third person, as he, she, it and they

58. Question : What are the 6 sources? 

Answer : 

1. Moolathatam (anus) 

2. Swathithanam (genitals) 

3. Manipuragam (navel) 

4. Anakatham (heart) 

5. Visatti 

6. Agnnai (face)

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